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The USB Implementers Forum (USB-IF) recently renamed USB 3.0, the third comprehensive revisions of Universal Serial Bus (USB) into USB 3.1 Gen 1. In addition, USB 3.1 Gen 2 and the new connector and receptacle called USB Type C were introduced.
Read our small article to understand the capabilities of the new versions, types of connectors. Learn more about alternate modes and market trends of the USB technology.
What is USB Type-C
1 - USB Type C Features
Defines a reversible connector capable of supporting Data rates up to 40 Gbps
10 Gbps per lane, 4 lanes total
USB Type-C's connector and receptacle are smaller sized (comparable to Micro-USB) and more durable, withstanding 10,000 insertion/removal cycles. With symmetrical 24 pins, the connector will attach to the receptacle on the first try.
Up to 100W of power delivery
USB 2.0, 3.1 Gen 1, and 3.1 Gen 2 capable
Support for alternate modes, to allow for more than just USB data to be sent across the connector and cable assembly
Standard driven from computer and Mobile phone manufactures who needed a smaller better interface for USB.
Cables are electronically marked to allow for power delivery negotiation
This is done for safety reasons, to prevent too much power from going across a cable that cannot support it, although we have seen some bad exceptions get into the market causing damage
No More dumb cables!
USB-C ports may be providers or consumers of power
The same port used to connect your flash drive could also be used to charge your laptop.
The Power delivery mode charges smartphones and tablets much faster.
Cables and connectors will also have varying capabilities
e.g. - a port or cable may only support USB 2.0, and no power delivery
Identification of capabilities becomes important!
2 – USB Type C Alternate Modes
2.1 DisplayPort Alternate Mode
Supports up to 4Kp60 4:4:4 with DisplayPort 1.3 Spec
Simultaneous Support for USB 3.1 Gen 2 and USB 2.0
Supported as standard with latest macOS, Linux, and Windows Operating systems
Exists as a completely separate bus from USB 2.0
USB 3.1 data and USB 2.0 data are completely separate, running on different conductors in the connector and cable
2 - USB 3.1 Gen 2
10 Gbps Bandwidth
Supported typically through third party drivers and controllers (like AsMedia) and not standard on Intel/AMD hosts as of Jan 2017
Other minor protocol changes over USB 3.1 Gen 1, but maintains backwards compatibility
3 - USB 3.1 Applications
Mass Storage devices
Hard Drives, Blu-Ray Drives, Flash Drives
Massive increase in performance over USB 2.0
Consumers demanding faster devices to compensate for larger video and picture file sizes
Video Conferencing
USB 3.1 PTZ Cameras capable of 1080p60 and beyond without the use of a hardware codec, decreasing the overall cost of implementation and allowing users to bring their own devices to connect to Skype, WebEx, etc.
Machine Vision
USB Machine vision cameras provide cost effective solutions capable of high resolution and frame rates for product analysis on assembly lines
4 - USB 3.1 Connector Pinout
USB 3.0 and 3.1 connectors have additional connections to support the new SuperSpeed performance. D+ and D- connections remain the same, along with power and ground. In addition there are new twisted pair balanced drivers and receivers for the SuperSpeed data transfer. On the receiver side, they are called StdA_SSRX+ and StdA_SSRX-, on the transmitter side SSTX+ and StdA_SSTX.
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